[D1] Rewrite Build a Comments API tutorial (#29026)

- Convert from JavaScript to TypeScript with TypeScriptExample component
- Use consistent DB binding name across all code and config
- Replace hardcoded database IDs and workers.dev URLs with placeholders
- Add local-first development workflow (--local before --remote)
- Add Hono typed Bindings interface for D1Database
- Use WranglerConfig component with full config and $today compat date
- Remove outdated embedded YouTube video
- Use prereqs partial and Steps component
- Fix style guide violations (first-person, output block language, link format)
- Add full copyable example at end of tutorial
- Fix contradictory curl output in deploy section

Co-authored-by: ask-bonk[bot] <ask-bonk[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

Author: ask-bonk[bot]